What drug categories are known to cause Vertical Gaze Nystagmus (VGN)?

Vertical Gaze Nystagmus (VGN) is a specific type of nystagmus characterized by involuntary eye movements that occur when an individual looks up and down. The detection of VGN is particularly significant in the context of drug recognition, as it is associated with specific categories of substances.

CNS depressants and inhalants, along with dissociative anesthetics, can impair the central nervous system in such a way that they affect the vestibular system and ocular motor control, leading to VGN. CNS depressants, which include substances like alcohol and benzodiazepines, impact relaxation and coordination and often manifest various forms of nystagmus. Similarly, inhalants can alter brain function to exhibit similar signs. Dissociative anesthetics, like PCP, also produce unique effects including VGN by disrupting sensory perception and motor control.

Thus, the combination in the correct answer covers a range of substances that are known to elicit this type of eye movement dysfunction, demonstrating a clear link between these drug categories and the occurrence of Vertical Gaze Nystagmus in individuals under their influence.