Which drug category is known for causing sedation?

The category of drugs known for causing sedation is CNS depressants. These substances act primarily on the central nervous system to slow down brain activity, leading to effects such as drowsiness, relaxation, and reduced anxiety. CNS depressants include a variety of medications such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates, as well as alcohol. Their primary pharmacological effect is to decrease neural activity, resulting in sedation and, in some cases, anesthesia.

In contrast, the other categories do not primarily induce sedation. CNS stimulants, for example, increase alertness and energy levels rather than promote sleepiness. Inhalants may produce short-term euphoria and dizziness but can also lead to various harmful effects, while hallucinogens are primarily known for altering perceptions and can lead to experiences that can be far from sedating.